Impact of alpha particle with nitrogen nucleus
from Proceedings of the Royal Society, London, A136, pp. 325-328, plate 8 by P.M.S. Blackett and D. Lea.
Courtesy of the Proceedings of the Royal Society

1917-1919
Rutherford bombards Nitrogen atoms with alpha particles and creates atoms of Oxygen. This is the first demonstration of artificial transmutation, the changing of one element into another. It is also the first experimental proof of the existence of protons.

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